Nhựa và các sản phẩm từ nhựa luôn là những vật dụng không thể thiếu trong cuộc sống hàng ngày của chúng ta. Với sự tiện lợi cùng giá thành rẻ nên rất nhiều sản phẩm từ nhựa được ưa chuộng và thay thế hàng ngày, dẫn tới tình trạng dư thừa lãng phí và ô nhiễm lớn tới môi trường, đặc biệt là vật liệu từ nhựa HDPE. Vậy nhựa HDPE là gì? Chúng có thể tái sử dụng được không? Hãy cùng chúng mình tìm hiểu thêm về nhựa phế liệu HDPE qua bài viết này nhé!
Nhựa phế liệu HDPE là gì?
HDPE là viết tắt của Polyetylen là 1 loại nhựa dẻo được sử dụng rất phổ biến và rộng rãi trên thế giới. PE là một hợp chất hữu cơ gồm nhiều nhóm –(CH2-CH2)-liên kết với nhau bằng liên kết hidro no. Polietilen được điều chế bằng cách trùng hợp các monome etylen (C2H4) nCH2=CH2 -(CH2-CH2)n. Nhựa HDPE có rất nhiều ứng dụng trong cuộc sống hiện nay. Nhựa HDPE là thành phần chính của găng tay, ống nước, đồ chơi,… cho trẻ nhỏ. Cũng chính vì tính ứng dụng cao và giá thành rẻ nên các sản phẩm từ nhựa HDPE cũng dễ dàng để thay thế và trở thành một lượng lớn phế liệu gây ô nhiễm cho môi trường.
Lý do nhựa HDPE được sử dụng phổ biến?
Hạt nhựa HDPE màu trắng, hơi trong suốt, hơi có ánh mờ
Nhựa HDPE có các đặc tính nổi bật: Không dẫn điện, không dẫn nhiệt, không cho không khí và nước thấm qua; Bề mặt láng bóng, mềm dẻo.
Nhựa HDPE chống thấm khí CO2 , O2 , N2 và dầu mỡ đều kém nhưng chống thấm nước và hơi nước tốt.Chịu được nhiệt độ cao (dưới 230 độ C) trong thời gian ngắn. Bị căng phồng và hỏng khi tiếp xúc với tinh dầu thơm hoặc các chất tẩy rửa như axeton,nước 0xy già… Khi đốt PE cháy chậm với ngọn lửa màu xanh,có một đầu màu vàng và mùi dầu hoả.
PE có tính chất như hidrocacbon no nhưng không tác dụng với axit, kiềm, thuốc tím, nước brom. Ở nhiệt độ cao hơn, PE hoà tan kém trong các dung môi hữu cơ như toluene,ete…
Nhựa HDPE có ứng dụng gì?
Nhựa HDPE có tính ứng dụng cao trong việc
- Sản xuất màng co, màng căng
- Sản xuất găng tay bảo hộ
- Tham gia quá trình biến đổi các loại chất dẻo khác.
- Làm đồ đựng cứng và mềm (có thể dùng để làm sọt đựng rác hay màng gói hoa quả).
- Được ứng dụng nhiều trong công nghiệp đóng gói, chế tạo bao bì, vỏ bọc dây điện, đồ chơi trẻ em, ống dẫn nước , túi nhựa,màng nhiệt…
- Làm sợi và lớp lót thùng đạn,áo chống đạn…
Nhựa HDPE có những loại nào?
Dựa vào khối lượng phân tử tỷ trọng,độ phân nhánh,đô kết tinh và mức độ khâu mạch,PE được chia thành 8 loại :
- VLDPE (PE tỷ trọng rất thấp)
- LDPE (PE tỷ trọng thấp)
- LLDPE (PE tỷ trọng thấp mạch thẳng)
- MDPE (PE tỷ trọng trung bình)
- HDPE (PE tỷ trọng cao)
- UHMWPE (PE có khối lượng phân tử cực cao)
- PEX hay XLPE (PE khâu mạch)
- HDXLPE (PE khâu mạch tỷ trọng cao)
Dựa vào điều kiện tổng hợp, PE được chia làm 3 loại
- PE áp suất cao
- PE áp suất trung bình
- PE áp suất thấp.
Nhựa phế liệu HDPE có tái chế được hay không?
Các sản phẩm từ nhựa HDPE hoàn toàn có thể tái chế 100%. Các sản phẩm từ nhựa HDPE hoàn toàn có thể tái chế để trở thành những vật dụng có ích trong gia đình. Chúng ta có thể tái chế những những chiếc găng tay cũ, ống nước thành bồn cây nho nhỏ cho căn hộ gia đình hoặc đồ chơi thú vị cho trẻ nhỏ với sự sáng tạo của bản thân. Có rất nhiều ý tưởng để bạn có thể tái chế lại những sản phẩm từ nhựa phế liệu HDPE. Các nhà máy có thể tái sản xuất đồ bảo hộ hay cung cấp các nhựa HDPE phế liệu cho các quá trình sản xuất tạo nên các loại chất dẻo và sản phẩm mới.
Bên cạnh đó, ngày nay, cũng có rất nhiều công ty, doanh nghiệp thu mua và tái chế nhựa phế liệu HDPE. Bạn có thể thu gom các vật dụng nhựa không dùng tới trong gia đình để bán lại cho các doanh nghiệp, nhà máy thu mua với giá thành cao và góp phần không nhỏ trong việc bảo vệ môi trường.
Ngày này, việc sử dụng sản phẩm nhựa HDPE đang ngày càng phổ biến vì độ tiện lợi, giá thành rẻ cùng sự an toàn cho người tiêu dùng. Hy vọng những thông tin trên đã giúp bạn có thêm nhiều kiến thức bổ ích hơn về loại nhựa HDPE cũng như nhựa phế liệu HDPE. Đừng vội vàng vứt bỏ những sản phẩm từ nhựa HDPE không còn giá trị sử dụng ra môi trường, hãy thu gom và tái chế chúng hoặc gửi tới những nhà máy thu mua để góp phần bảo vệ cuộc sống của chính chúng ta.
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